History of medicine

The past helps us ask better questions.

Explore the records, people and ideas behind medicine.

Medical history is more than a list of discoveries. It includes the experiences of patients, the work of caregivers and the changing ways people describe illness.

Start with the original record

The US National Library of Medicine offers historical books, photographs, films, manuscripts and exhibitions. Its collections are a useful place to explore how medical knowledge has been recorded and challenged.

Explore the NLM history of medicine collections →

Read with context

When looking at an old medical document, ask when it was written, who it was written for and whose experience is missing. Historical descriptions and remedies should be understood in their own context; they do not establish what is safe or effective today.

A useful reading habit

Keep the date, author and collection reference alongside your notes. Distinguish what the document says from what a modern writer concludes about it.

Sources & further reading

Sources consulted September 20, 2026. This is a drafting date, not a medical review date.