First Aid And Emergency Care

Poisons

ACETONE: found in some nail polish and paint removers. Small doses (such as the amount in the bottles sold for removing nail polish) are not likely to be dangerous.

Antidotes: Induce vomiting. Give one to two tea- spoons of bicarbonate of soda in water. Follow with coffee or tea.

ACIDS: often give off fumes and are highly corrosive to tissues.

Antidotes: Avoid vomiting. Give large amounts of milk, or repeated tablespoon doses of milk of magnesia. Or give bicarbonate of soda or other household remedies for heartburn and hyperacidity.

ALKALIES: lye (used in many products for stopped-up drains), strong ammonia water, quick lime.

Antidotes: Avoid vomiting. Give large amounts of ciuus fruit juices, or vinegar diluted with water, or large amounts of milk.

ARSENIC: found in various ant, mouse and rat poisons, also in plant sprays. Produces burning stomach pain, thirst, constriction in throat.

Antidotes: Induce vomiting. Give large amounts of milk, milk of magnesia, egg whites, or universal antidote.

ASPIRIN: a common ingredient in many household headache and pain remedies. Poisoning produces sleepiness, flushing, ringing in the ears, gastric irritation.

Antidotes: Induce vomiting. Give soda bicarbonate (baking Soda) in water, one or two teaspoons.

BARBITURATES: include various kinds of sleeping pills and sedatives.

Antidotes: Unless victim is comatose, induce vomiting. Follow by large amounts of strong coffee. If victim is comatose, proceed with artificial respiration.

BELLADONNA: or one of its active ingredients, atropine, found in many medications used for spastic conditions of the intestinal tract. Overdosage produces dilated pupils, dryness, excitement, collapse.

Antidotes: Induce vomiting. Give strong tea or universal antidote. Repeat induction of vomiting. Combat shock; have victim lie down. Give artificial respiration if necessary.

BICHLORIDE OF MERCURY: often called corrosive sublimate, and frequently used as a germ-killer. Produces burning pain in mouth, stomach, and throat; also nausea and vomiting.

Antidotes: Give large amounts of milk, or the whites of several eggs. Induce vomiting. Repeat procedure.

CARBOLIC ACID (creosote): produces corrosive changes in lips and mouth, with burning in mouth and stomach. Weakness and collapse may follow.

Antidotes: Do not induce vomiting. Give large amounts of olive or cottonseed oil, or several egg-whites. Follow with Epsom salts in water (one ounce to pint of water.

CHLORINE: the active agent in various bleaches.

Antidotes: Give an emetic. Induce vomiting. Follow with dilute ammonia, one teaspoon in water.

CLEANING FLUIDS: include benzine, kerosene, gasoline, carbon teuachloride.

Antidotes: Do not induce vomiting (except when poison is specifically carbon tetrad~loride). Give strong coffee or tea. Artificial respiration may be necessary. Occasionally, poisoning may result from inhalation of fumes. Remove victim to fresh air and give coffee.

CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING: motor exhaust fumes. Produces headache, loss of muscular power, reddish lips & Death.

Antidotes: Remove victim to fresh air, Give O2

COPPER SULFATE @lue vitriol, Bordeaux mixture)
: produces burning pain in mouth, throat and stomach; also irritative symptoms including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; also collapse and shock.

Antidotes: Give whites of eggs, large amounts of milk. Induce vomiting. Repeat procedure. Artificial respiration may be necessary

DIGITALIS: a widely used heart medication often prescribed in derivatives such as digoxin, digitoxin, gitaligen, having similar propertes. Produces weakness, headache, slow pulse, collapse and delirium.

Antidotes: If no more than one half hour or so has passed since taking, induce vomiting. If longer, do not induce vomiting. Give strong tea repeatedly. Have victim lie down.

FLUORIDES: the active ingredient of many ant and mouse poisons.

Antidotes: Induce vomiting. Give large amounts of milk, or calcium tablets.

IODINE: produces stomach and throat pains.

Antidotes: Give any starchy substance such as cornstarch, flour or bread. Then in- duce vomiting.

LEAD: found in some paints, white and red lead. Produces pain in throat and stomach, vomiting, convulsions, collapse. (More chronic forms of poisoning produce headache, high blood pressure.)

Antidotes: Induce vomiting for acute poisoning. Give large amounts of milk or Epsom salts. Induce vomiting again.

OIL OF WINTERGREEN: chemically related to aspirin, producing similar symptoms.

Antidotes: Give one or two teaspoons of baking soda in water. Induce vomiting. Re- peat the baking soda and leave it to be absorbed.

PHOSPHORUS: found in roach and rodent poisons. It often has a disagreeable garlicky odor.

Antidotes: Do not induce vomiting. Give half a glass of hydrogen peroxide.

STRYCHNINE: found in rodent poisons.

Antidotes: Induce vomiting. Give strong tea and the universal antidote.

TURPENTINE: produces burning pain, excitement, weakness, nausea, shock.

Antidotes: Induce vomiting. Give one to two ounces of Epsom salts in a pint of water.